Distinctiveness of the Prologue: Gospel of John

Distinctiveness of the Prologue: Gospel of John Introduction This paper is going to address the uniqueness of the prologue, and will further explore how it connects with the rest of the Gospel of John. The prologue previews most of the themes that the author will explain throughout the Gospel. There are 8 listed themes; the pre-existence of the word, light of world, light and darkness, witness or testimony, glory, life, world, father and son relationship.[1] However, for the purpose of this essay, only three themes will be covered. Namely; the theme of the pre-existence, father and son relationship and glory. Scholars believes that the Gospel of John was written between 70AD and 90AD.[2] The author is identified as John the son of Zebedee, who was one of Jesus twelve apostles and the beloved one.[3] However, the authorship is debatable among scholars, some suggest that Prologue was originally a poem from some other religious traditions perhaps gnostic.[4] According to the gospel, it is maintained that the author was a Palestinian Jew, familiar with the religion, land and rituals of his people. All throughout the gospel, the author suggests that he was an eyewitness to the scenes that he was unravelling. The Gospel of John however is a unique book among the four Gospels. The true representation of Jesus lies at the heart of all that is unique in this Gospel. The Gospels are recognised as the Synoptics because of their close resemblances to each other. Jesus is revealed in different ways in these four Gospels. The Gospel of Matthew reveals Jesus as the king of the Jews. Mark presents Him as the suffering servant. In Lukes version, Jesus is seen as a perfect man. Whereas in Lukes Gospel, Jesus is humanity whereas Johns emphasizes his deity. The Fourth Gospel, also known as the spiritual gospel,[5] begins by immediately presenting Christ not as the Son of David, nor the Son of man, but begins with a prologue in which Jesus deity is openly declared.[6] Maurice Casey propounds that the Christology of the fourth Gospel is one of its most remarkable features, and one which distinguishes it sharply from the other three Synoptic.[7] Its authenticity is sometimes questionable among scholars because many of the major themes and events of the first three Gospels are missing in the fourth Gospel.[8] While on the one hand it includes many significant episodes not mentioned by Matthew, Mark and Luke.[9] It is further argued that if the Synoptics present a clear picture of Jesus, then Johns portrayal can hardly be accepted.[10] D.A. Carson identifies differences between the fourth Gospel and the Synoptics. He observes that there are no narratives parables, no account of the transfiguration, no record of the institution of the Lords s upper, no report of Jesus casting out a demon and no mention of Jesus temptations.[11] The first eighteen verses from the first chapter one of the Gospel of John are referred to as the prologue.[12] This can be seen as an ancient Christian hymn.[13] The prologue has an important bearing upon a focused interpretation of the rest of the Johannine Gospel. It also prepares the reader for what follows. The Gospel and Prologue work hand in hand, as Richard Bauckham states that the Gospel needs the prologue, the prologue also needs the Gospel, either without the other is incomplete.[14] The relation of the prologue to the rest of the gospel is questionable among scholars. Their critical arguments are mainly based on the source analysis which focuses on identifying the original independent hymn, Christian and non-Christians.[15] They have argued that several theological concepts and terms in the prologue, for example, the incarnation of the word, the tent dwelling of the so, in the contrast with the dwelling in the temple the concepts of, and the unique literary style are scar cely reflected in the rest of the Gospel.[16] They also suggests that prologue it is a wisdom hymn stitched by the author to the front of the Gospel to make it more acceptable to Hellenistic readers and was judged to have little relationship to the rest of the gospel.[17] While those in support of the prologue argues that it was written as an introduction to the body of the Gospel, just like the writing of the Johannine Epistle with similar symbolic terms appearing in 1 John 1:1-2 with the list of the themes which are shared in the prologue and the rest of the gospel.[18] Themes: divinity of the Son The divinity of the Son Jesus is established in the Prologue and developed in the rest of the Gospel. The author begins this Gospel with a splendid declaration to his audience by say, in the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was God (1:1). The writer is expressing that Word logos pre-existent, He was not after or from or created, but He was in the beginning. The fourth Evangelist John reminds his readers of the Old Testament verse, the beginning of creation (Genesis 1:1) that Jesus is a timeless figure who existed in the past before creation.[19] The Book of Genesis begins with creation so is the Gospel of John refers to creation. The same words are also found in chapter 17, and now, Father glorify me in your presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed (17:5). The concept of Logos is said to have an extensive background in the Greek religious and philosophical cognition. The Greeks regarded logos as the principle of reason or orde r in the world.[20] Heraclitus logos was understood to be unifying principle of all things.[21] It is suggested that the Heraclitus had no concept of a transcendent God, but saw the logos as a law or reason that underlies the universe because they believed that the logos was common to all men, that it was a universal law which regulated all the events that took place within mankind, and that it had its own independent existence.[22] In Plato writing holds the words of Heraclitus that a person could not step into the same river twice.[23] The Father and Son relationship The Fourth Gospel presents a unique relationship between God the Father and His son Jesus. This unique relationship between the father and son can be seen also in the Synoptic Gospels. Daniel J. Scholz suggested that, the voice from heaven (Mk 1:11) and the clouds at the baptism (Mk 9:7) and the transfiguration speak of Jesus as my beloved Son Lk 9:35, signifies the unity between the father and son[24] Johns Gospel comprehensively develops the Father and Son relationship. It is said that Johns gospel uses the term Father in the mouth of Jesus as the son, 120 times more often than all the other Gospels combined.[25] The author records the close, loving and unified relationship between the Father and the Son. The logos was in face to face relationship with God. No one has seen God; the word has been sent by the father to reveal God the world. The word took on flesh to reveal the glory of God. The unique relationship was described by the author in various ways. For example, firstly, as the father worked, so is the Son worked (5:17-18).[26] Secondly, as the father raises the dead and gives life, so the son gives life (5:21-23,26).[27] The words that the father gives, the son gives to others (7:17-17).[28] The son speaks the things He sees the Father doing (8:28, 38, 12:49-50).[29] As the father knows the Son, so the Son knows the father (10:15).[30] If you have seen the Son you have seen the father (14:9). To not honour the Son is to not honour the Father (15:18-19, 23).[31] All that belongs to the Father belongs also to the Son (16:15, 17:10).[32] Jesus farewell prayer for his disciples said I pray that they will all be one, just as you and I are one as you are in me Father and I am in you. And may they be in us so that the world will believe you sent me (Jn 17:21).[33] Johannine sees Jesus forthcoming suffering and death (the cross) on how the father and Son both glorified. Theme of Glory The theme of glory is also reviewed in the prologue and it runs throughout the rest of the gospel. The most obvious way the glory is revealed in Jesuss ministry is in the signs. According to Maurice Casey, the fourth evangelist uses the term signs used to reveals Christ glory.[34] The first sign is recorded in chapter 2:11. Another indication appeared when the evangelist explained that Jesus was speaking about the spirit that had yet been given because Jesus was not yet glorified (7:39).[35] From the resurrection of Lazarus forward the Johannine understanding of glory becomes increasingly clear. In chapter 11 points ahead to the resurrection of Jesus as a revelation of Gods glory. Jesus announces, that the hour has come for the son of Man to be glorified (12:3). Father glorify your name (12:28). John 13:31 says now the Son of man has been glorified and God has glorified in him echoes Jesus prayer father glorify your name in (12:28). However, Herman Ridderbos critical scholars states that in Gospel of John Jesus glory received so much stress, including in the passion story, that the Gospel can hardly be said to be free of a kind of Docetism, that is, that Jesus suffering is not real suffering in John, that the cross is not Jesus humiliation but only his exaltation, and that therefore his going out of this world consisted merely in a triumphal departure to where he was before.[36] As Colver summaries that John also shows in his gospel that the way to the cross is the greatest expression of glory of God.[37] Conclusion In conclusion one could say that it is how the author introduces the divinity of Christ in the prologue to his readers that makes it unique and distinct than Synoptic Gospels writers. It could be observed that the Synoptic Gospel writers traced Christ from a human point of view, while John give the account of Christ from his pre-existence that is before creation. John presented his work in a way that all the themes mentioned in prologue visible throughout the rest of his writing. On the hand one can also state that failing to understand the prologue may result in failing to understand the rest of the Gospel of John. In a nutshell, it evident that the prologue is not a wisdom hymn but deep divine revelation given to the John for a purpose. that is to give a clear explanation and understanding of Word and been Jesus Christ. Bibliography Bauckham, Richard, The Testimony of the Beloved Disciple: Narrative, History and Theology in Gospel of John, (Grand Rapids: Published by Academic, 2007) Carson, D. A., The Gospel According to John, (Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1991) Casey, Maurice, Is Johns Gospel True, (New York: Thompson Company, 1996) Colver, Randy, Themes in the Gospel of John, (Michigan: Zondervan, 2016) Edwards, Ruth B., Discovering John, Content, Interpretation, Reception, (Grand Rapids: Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003) Gagne Jr, Armand J., The Testimony of the Fourth Evangelist to the Johannine Community: WE Know His Witness is True, (Victoria: Trafford Publishing, 2004) Hale, Thomas, The Applied New Testament Commentary, (Eastbourne: Kingway Publications, 1996) Longman III, Tremper, The Expositors Bible Commentary Revised Edition 10, (Michigan: Zondervan, 2010) Ridderbos, Herman, The Gospel of John, A Theological Commentary, (Cambridge: Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1991) Scholz, Daniel J., Jesus in the Gospels and Acts, Introducing the New Testament, (Winona: Saint Marys Press, 2009) Thompson, Marianne Meye, The God of The Gospel of John, (Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2001) Maurice F. Wiles, Spiritual Gospel, Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel in Early Church, (Cambridge: University Press, 2006) [1] D. A. Carson, The Gospel According to John, (Michigan: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1991) p.111 [2] Thomas Hale, The Applied New Testament Commentary, (Eastbourne: Kingway Publications, 1996) p. 355 [3] Richard Bauckham, The Testimony of the Beloved Disciple: Narrative, History and Theology in Gospel of John, (Grand Rapids: Published by Academic, 2007) p.14 [4] Carson, The Gospel According to John, p.112 [5] Maurice F. Wiles, Spiritual Gospel, Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel in Early Church, (Cambridge: University Press, 2006) [6] Maurice Casey, Is Johns Gospel True, (New York: Thompson Company, 1996) p.31 [7] Casey, Is Johns Gospel True, p.30 [8] Tremper Longman III, The Expositors Bible Commentary Revised Edition 10, (Michigan: Zondervan, 2010) p.360 [9] Longman, The Expositors Bible Commentary, p.360 [10] Longman, The Expositors Bible Commentary, p.360 [11] Carson, The gospel According to John, p.21 [12] Longman, The Expositors Bible Commentary, p.367 [13] Gary M, Burge, John The NIV Application Commentary to Contemporary Life, (Michigan: Zondervan, 200) p.52 [14] Bauckham, The gospel of John and Christian Theology, p. 329 [15] Robert H. Gundry, Jesus the word According to John the Sectarian, (Cambridge: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2001) p. 230 [16] Gundry, Jesus the Word to John The Sectarian, p. 230 [17] Jerome H. Neyrey, The Gospel of John, The New Cambridge Bible Commentary, (New York: Cambridge University Pres, 2007) p.41 [18] Gundry, Jesus the Word to John The Sectarian, p. 230 [19] Neyrey, The New Cambridge Bible Commentary, p.60 [20] Longman, The Expositors Bible Commentary, p. 367 [21] Longman, The Expositors Bible Commentary, p. 367 [22] Armand J. Gagne Jr, The Testimony of the Fourth Evangelist to the Johannine Community: We Know His Witness is True, (Victoria: Trafford Publishing, 2004) p. 57 [23] Gagne, The Testimony of the Evangelist to the Johannine Community, p. 57 [24] Daniel J, Scholz, Jesus in the Gospels and Acts, Introducing the New Testament, (Winona: Saint Marys Press, 2009) p. 176 [25] Marianne Meye Thompson, The God of The Gospel of John, (Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2001) p.57 [26] Randy Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, (Michigan: Zondervan,2016) p. 21 [27] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.21 [28] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.21 [29] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.21 [30] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.21 [31] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.21 [32] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.22 [33] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p.22 [34] Casey, Is Johns Gospel True, p.57 [35] Ruth B. Edwards, Discovering John, Content, Interpretation, Reception, (Grand Rapids: Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003) p. 90 [36] Herman Ridderbos, The Gospel of John, A Theological Commentary, (Cambridge: Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1991) p. 453 [37] Colver, Themes in the Gospel of John, p. 115

I.T. Tools for Remote Communication

CAPE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIT TWO MODULE TWO – I. T. TOOLS FOR REMOTE COMMUNICATION USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TOOLS TO ACCESS AND COMMUNICATE WITH REMOTE INFORMATION SOURCES Information technology – the tools and techniques used to process and communicate information Remote information source – information held in or on a computer or other medium which is not located in the same physical location as the person wanting access to this information.In order to access remote information sources one will need a tool or a set of tools which are both hardware and software. The following is a list of such tools – some hardware, some software, some both: Communication software – programs used to provide remote access to systems, and exchange files and messages in text, audio and/or video formats between different computers or users. Communication software runs on computers, tablets, mobile phones and other specialized devices.Some examples of remote co mmunication software are terminal emulators, file transfer programs; instant messaging programs, real time chat programs (IRC), teleconferencing and video conferencing software, and email programs. Browsers – short for web browser – a software application used to locate, retrieve and also display content on the World Wide Web. The content handled by web browsers includes text, images and video. A web browser is made up of HTML code and operates under the HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) Email systems – software for creating, sending, receiving and organizing electronic mail.Modern desktop email clients like Microsoft Outlook, Windows Live Mail and Mozilla Thunderbird offer advanced features for managing email, including WYSIWYG editors for composing email messages, anti-spam and anti-phishing security protection, advanced search capabilities, and rules and filters for more efficiently handling and organizing messages and email folders. A large number of online email services, called webmail, exist with features and functionality for managing e-mail similar to their desktop email software counterparts.Some of the more popular online email services are Yahoo! Mail, Gmail, Hotmail and AOL Mail. Email systems also need an email server which is a computer configured to be the email post office with the task of managing the email service. It receives stores and dispatches email messages to and from email addresses. Facsimile systems – A facsimile machine is a device that can send or receive pictures and text over a telephone line. Fax machines work by digitizing an image i. e. dividing it into a grid of dots. Each dot is either on or off, depending on whether it is black or white.Electronically, each dot is represented by a bit that has a value of either 0 (off) or 1 (on). In this way, the fax machine translates a picture into a series of zeros and ones (called a bit map) that can be transmitted like normal computer data. On the receivi ng side, a fax machine reads the incoming data, translates the zeros and ones back into dots, and reprints the picture. A fax machine consists of an optical scanner for digitizing images on paper, a printer for printing incoming fax messages, and a telephone for making the connection.Telephone – colloquially referred to as a phone, the telephone is a point-to-point telecommunications device that transmits and receives sounds, usually the human voice. It's most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other. A business telephone system is a system where multiple telephones are used by businesses in an interconnected fashion that allows for features such as call handling and transferring, conference calling, call metering and accounting, private and shared voice message boxes, etc.A business telephone system can range from just a few phones in a small business up to a complex private branch exchange (PBX) system utilized by large busine sses. Business phone systems can function over the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and/or over the Internet (Internet telephony or VoIP). Business telephone systems can also be delivered as a hosted service (typically referred to as a centrex), which can free companies from having to invest in costly equipment.Mobile telephones – many individuals no longer have a landline and have turned to mobile computing for all their telephone needs. Young people especially do more than half there communicating using a cellular phone which allows them to not only have voice calls but to send text messages Pager – A pager is a small telecommunications device that receives (and, in some cases, transmits) alert signals and/or short messages. This type of device is convenient for people expecting telephone calls, but who are not near a telephone set to make or return calls immediately.A typical one-way pager fits easily in a shirt pocket; some are as small as a wristwatch. A m iniature, short-range wireless receiver captures a message, usually accompanied by a beep. The simplest one-way pagers display the return-call telephone number of the person who sent the message. Alternatively, a code can be displayed that indicates which of several designated parties is requesting a return phone call. Sophisticated one-way pagers can display short text messages. Until recently, pagers were designed as receive-only devices.However, despite the engineering challenge, a two-way pager, also called a two-way messaging device or two-way interactive system, has been developed. A typical unit is about the size of a pocket calculator and has a built-in, miniature keyboard and a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen that can display several lines of text and/or simple graphics. Mobile phones have replaced pagers for most users. However, because they are reliable in some situations where mobile phones are not, pagers are still widely used by essential services personnel, such a s those in the medical and emergency-related professions.New uses for pagers have also arisen. For example, restaurants often use pagers to let customers know when their tables are ready. Computer – The transmission of data from one computer to another, or from one device to another is called data communication. A communications device, therefore, is any machine that assists data transmission. The computer is one such principal machine. For the computer to assist in communications it must be running programs that make it possible to transmit data i. e. communication software.Word processor, spreadsheet, presentation software, desktop publishing software – these productivity tools can be used to create, edit, and print documents. While of all computer applications, word processing is the most common, the product of the others can also be printed. The output from productivity tools can be snail-mailed, emailed, uploaded to websites, and communicated using other www techn ologies Internet Tools Interactive online services – is a business that provides its subscribers with a wide variety of data transmitted over telecommunications lines.Online services provide an infrastructure in which subscribers can communicate with one another, either by exchanging e-mail messages or by participating in online conferences(forums). In addition, the service can connect users with an almost unlimited number of third-party information providers. Subscribers can get up-to-date stock quotes, news stories hot off the wire, articles from many magazines and journals, in fact, almost any information that has been put in electronic form.Of course, accessing all this data carries a price. Three of the largest online services are America Online, Compuserve and MSN. telnet – terminal emulation is a program for networks that connects pcs to the server on the network and allows one to enter commands on the pc and have them executed directly on the server as if one w as sitting in front of the server. This enables you to control and communicate with other servers on the network. Telnet is a common way to remotely control Web servers.As this is a service that allows local computers to control remote computers, technical personal in organizations can use it to troubleshoot problems in other branches and hackers use these kinds of programs to connect to and control servers on unsecured networks. ftp – Short for file transfer protocol, this is the protocol for exchanging files over the Internet. FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using the Internet or to upload a file to a server (e. g. , uploading a Web page file to a server). The owners of website rarely host them themselves.But maintaining the content of the website is still up to them. They create the new content for their websites on their local machines. They then use an ftp program to connect to and upload and download the files from their website on the remote server to and from their local machine. When they have completed this task we can then see the new pages on their websites. You can access FTP sites by two different methods: either directly through your web browser, or using an FTP application (such as Winsock FTP). Both methods require a logon procedure.Some FTP sites allow anonymous login and allow you to enter your email address as a password. Other FTP sites also allow anonymous login but require a special password (such as â€Å"guest†, â€Å"visitor†, or other password. ) Still other sites have restricted login and passwords limited to specific people or groups message boards aka bulletin board system (BBS) – An electronic message board is a computer running software that allows users to log in and perform functions such as uploading and downloading software and data, reading news and bulletins, and exchanging messages with other users.Message boards allow threaded conversations in which the comments on a posting are attached to that posting in an indented manner. Message boards for example can be for a class in which students get to communicate with each other and the teacher and discuss assignments and class material. It is often used in this manner in on-line courses. newsgroups – This is a special interest online discussion group or forum where one can post and reply to posted messages on particular topics.It is like a public message board but with the topic of interest pre-selected by the person who set up the newsgroup. Users are required to subscribe to a newsgroup. mailing list – while any individual or company can have a mailing list in their email the formal definition of a mailing list is a list of people who have subscribed to a particular service and have given permission for their contact information to be released to anyone who provides this service.Newsgroups e. g. will have a mailing list to whom they send notices when something changes in the newsgrou p. internet telephony refers to communication services such as voice, fax, SMS and/or voice messaging services which are transported via the internet instead of the public switched telephone network. VoIP – voice over internet protocol is a slightly broader term which covers voice communication over any IP network.

A Profile of Byzantine Emperor Alexios Komnenos

Alexius Comnenus, also known as  Alexios Komnenos, is perhaps best known for seizing the throne from Nicephorus III and founding the Comnenus dynasty. As emperor, Alexius stabilized the government of the empire. He was also Emperor during the First Crusade. Alexius is the subject of a biography by his learned daughter, Anna Comnena. Occupations: EmperorCrusade WitnessMilitary Leader Places of Residence and Influence: Byzantium (Eastern Rome) Important Dates: Born: 1048Crowned: April 4, 1081Died: Aug. 15, 1118 About Alexius Comnenus Alexius was the third son of John Comnenus and a nephew of Emperor Isaac I. From 1068 to 1081, during the reigns of Romanus IV, Michael VII, and Nicephorus III, he served in the military; then, with the help of his brother Isaac, his mother Anna Dalassena, and his powerful in-laws the Ducas family, he seized the throne from Nicephorus III. For more than half a century the empire had suffered from ineffective or short-lived leaders. Alexius was able to drive the Italian Normans from western Greece, defeat Turkic nomads whod been invading the Balkans, and halt the encroachment of the Seljuq Turks. He also negotiated agreements with Sulayman ibn Qutalmà ¯sh of Konya and other Muslim leaders on the empires eastern border. At home he strengthened the central authority and built up military and naval forces, thus increasing imperial strength in portions of Anatolia (Turkey) and the Mediterranean. These actions helped stabilize Byzantium, but other policies would cause difficulties for his reign. Alexius made concessions to powerful landed magnates which would serve to weaken the authority of himself and future emperors. Although he maintained the traditional imperial role of protecting the Eastern Orthodox Church and repressed heresy, he also seized funds from the Church when necessary, and would be called to account for these actions by the ecclesiastical authorities. Alexius is well known for appealing to Pope Urban II for help in driving the Turks from Byzantine territory. The resulting influx of Crusaders would plague him for years to come.

Cheap Prices The Hidden Consequences Essay - 643 Words

Superficially, one cannot imagine how cheap prices could ever do any wrong. The customer gets to save plenty of money, and the store gains more profit from new customers searching for a good deal. Even though this may be the common notion, most people cannot see the damage being done to companies around the globe. Countless numbers of businesses have been forced to bankruptcy because of the demand of big chain companies, such as Wal-Mart, forcing them to cut their prices. Because big chain companies that sell low prices, like Wal-Mart, cause business to file bankruptcy, lower their prices to unprofitable lows, and outsource their jobs overseas cheap prices can easily have harsh consequences. The harshest consequence low prices cause is†¦show more content†¦Three years later, Lovable closed (Fishman). This only one example of how Wal-Mart puts pressure on companies to sell their items at a low cost, even if that means a decreasing profit. To try and avoid the pressure of bank ruptcy, many businesses are forced to send their companies overseas where lower wages temporize their decreasing profit. Business with Wal-Mart, for example caused Levi Strauss to close down their last two factories in the United States. Twenty-two years prior, Levi had 60 factories and was considered one the most socially responsible corporations on the planet (Fishman). Today, Levi has outsourced all of their factories, and imports all of their clothing (Fishman). Although Wal-Mart does not directly force companies to outsource their factories, they have a great influence when they demand lower prices for the products they purchase. Business must result to outsourcing jobs when Wal-Mart puts increasing mandates on companies to continue to lower their already low prices. For example, Wal-Mart started selling Vlasic pickles in a gallon jar for fewer than three dollars, which was unheard of in a regular grocery store (Fishman). To the eye, what’s wrong with getting more produ ct for less money? Realistically, Vlasic was only making a cent or two for every jar. As the popularity of the jar increased, a higher demand was being placed on Vlasic to supply more and more pickles.Show MoreRelatedGarbage Picker Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant for them to sanitize all the items multiple times. When garbage picking at a thrift shop, these pickers must keep an open mind for all items. Garbage pickers should explore every isle of the thrift shop, because they never know what may be hidden throughout. When a garbage picker goes through items with a â€Å"For Free† sign, they should look for things they might need down the road or that they can resell to make a profit. The items that they label as unusable, should not be taken. There areRead MoreThe Grace That Leads to Death Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pagesand Die: The grace that leads to death Costly versus cheap grace The grace that leads to death Grace that demands a response Bonhoeffers theological intersection with Wesleyanism Grace is a word that can seem dull and lifeless in the church today due to its overuse and familiarity. Dietrich Bonhoeffer sees grace, costly grace, as the summary of the true Gospel. In Bonhoeffers day, such costly grace had been exchanged for a cheap imitation of grace that was little more than empty religionRead MoreBook Review and Questions: The Walgreens T-Shirt1330 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscovered there were many other factors involved. How does she summarize her finding about markets and the T-shirt? She realized that trade was developed with historical and political webs of influence that are embedded in the market and are often hidden from economist. Part 1 King Cotton American cotton farmers have accomplished an extremely rare thing by keeping a comparative advantage in cotton farming in the US for over 200 years. Explain why this has happened there are two broad categoriesRead MoreStuff By Annie Leonard1721 Words   |  7 Pagesof their cheap skilled labor, minimum regulations and tax free incentives. EPZs usually are restricted areas that provide companies with their manufacturing needs for export. This is only one example that leads to our problem with consumerism. In The Story of Stuff by Annie Leonard, she sheds light on the exploitation and mistreatment of our natural resources, like the deforestation of the rainforests due to the demand for lumber. Many Americans today have not come to realize the hidden costs suchRead MoreVirgin Usa - Pricing Strategy1582 Words   |  7 Pagespotential target customer, in order to establish a critical mass and financial strength to defend itself from incumbent and/or other potential entrants (price-wars , dumping, etc†¦). The profile of target customers, youth in between 15 and 29 years old with low credit credentials and high income / price elasticity (sensitivity to changes in price and income), is in conflict with the need to retain customers for a minimum period of 17 months as currently in the market ($ 370 / [52-30] = 17), in orderRead MoreDrug Trafficking And Its Effects On The American Civil War1075 Words   |  5 Pagesadoption of the hypodermic syringe. Morphine use actually became popular for pain relief during the American Civil War, resulting in much unwitting addiction. Marijuana use became popular in the 1930s after the price of alcohol increased so much it became unaffordable. It was during this period that studies started to emerge documenting the relationship between marijuana use and crime and violence.Mexican drug cartels have received much publicity for the violentRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Thesis By F. Scott Fitzgerald943 Words   |  4 PagesGreat Gatsby Thesis The 1920s, often deemed the â€Å"Roaring 20s,† took place in the middle of the Prohibition Movement. Prohibition was a constitutional ban on the sale, production, and consumption of alcoholic beverages resulting in a large supply of cheap alcohol and a high demand for it. Society was becoming corrupt and inhibited. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s work, The Great Gatsby, is set in this very time period. The main character, Jay Gatsby, who at first appears to be a wealthy businessman is symbolicRead MoreThe Berlin Conference Of 1885 Sought To Regulate European1550 Words   |  7 Pagescome post 1855. The aggression and exploitation that followed, described vividly in Heart of Darkness, has now adapted into more humane mechanisms due to criticism against brutality in the nineteenth century. Today, the imperialism Africa faces is hidden behind government sanctions, lies about cooperation and reciprocal benefits instead of mass killings. Although the degree of exploitation is simila r, the manner in which China and India go about it is extremely different. The growing influence ofRead MoreFast Food in America1664 Words   |  7 PagesFast Food in America People today have a need for speed. Everything has to be more convenient, and bigger. Humans are the super-sized rulers of the world, and people need it as fast as possible. This lifestyle has consequences; if one does not start taking charge, and fight these big corporations right now these mistakes will be too far reaching and irreversible. Because fast food is convenient, inexpensive, and is a cultural habit, people must stop eating it since it has increased health problemsRead MoreJ.b. Priestley s A Young Girl s Suicide1367 Words   |  6 Pagesupper class (the Birling’s) and the lower class (Eva). J.B. Priestley wanted to shows the social injustice that he saw in society of Upper classes taking advantage of the lower classes. A main message to take from this play is that actions have consequences; J.B. Priestley did this to make the audience think about their own actions and social responsibilities. At first when we see Sheila we get the impression that she is very self-centred, materialistic and is concerned with her reputation. It becomes

Black Stereotypes in Literature - 821 Words

In today’s society there are many different stereotypes, many of which can be applied to every single ethnic group. At one point in any person’s life, they would have experienced some form of stereotyping. Every individual, whether young or old, is labelled with either a negative or positive stereotype. For example, it is often typically said that lawyers are deceitful, females tend to be less aggressive than males, all African Americans are extremely virtuous at basketball, and the list is simply endless. Stereotypes are often heard every day and everywhere, at any given moment. They are usually very widespread and used so frequently that they have seemed to become a natural behavior for human beings; and it is a part of our everyday life. At times we can find ourselves in situations where we make stereotypes and or assumptions for a large group of individuals. Stereotyping is a way in which people categorize and group one another. Stereotypes can affect peopleâ€⠄¢s social lives, along with their emotions, and also how people interact within a particular environment as well. Stereotyping is a form of prejudgment that is as customary in today’s society as it was many years ago. It is a social attitude which has stood the test of time and attracted much attention from social physiologists alongside philosophers. Many approaches to, and theories of stereotyping have consequently been raised. â€Å"How It Feels to Be Colored Me† is an essay in which Zora Neale HurstonShow MoreRelatedRacial Stereotypes And Racial Inequality1657 Words   |  7 Pagesracial stereotypes and racial inequality throughout the United States. And it is undeniably seen that the world today embraces multi-cultural and sexual orientation, yet there is still an unsupportable intolerance towards ethnicities and difference. The biggest issue in the world today is the struggle for African Americans to end racial stereotypes that they have inherited from their pa st, and to bridge the gap between acceptance and social justice. One of the most effective ways that blacks have foundRead MorePortrayal Of African American Women1538 Words   |  7 Pagesimposed upon Black women. For example, there are common stereotypes ascribed particularly to African American women, such as the â€Å"promiscuous jezebel†. This stereotype, which evolved during slavery, continues to exist and still contributes to the harassment of African American women today. More specifically, it shapes how black women and others formulate beliefs and interactions regarding African American female sexuality. They are informed by historical experience and imagery therefore black women areRead More The Presentation of Native Americans In Childrens Literature1615 Words   |  7 PagesThe Presentation of Native Americans In Childrens Literature In the 1970s the seed of change began to grow in childrens literature. Because American Indians and knowledgeable cultural anthropologists became authors of childrens books, Native American people and culture is now being seen in a more true and distinguishing light. Literature is immensely important when it comes to learning. There are four areas of development that literature takes a huge part in. The first area is languageRead MoreYou Can t Write An Honest Novel About Race1492 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You can’t write an honest novel about race in this country. If you write about how people are really affected by race, it’ll be too obvious† (335). Americanah, however, is a novel full of social commentary on race and how it affects the lives of black immigrants, especially female immigrants. Adichie is aware of how race and gender work alongside each other and shape someone’s experience. The main protagonist of the story, Ifemelu constantly points this out. Since Americanah is a relatively newRead MoreAfrican American Literature Toni Morrisons Essay Black Matters667 Words   |  3 PagesAfrican American Literature Toni Morrisons Essay Black Matters In Black Matters, Toni Morrison discusses knowledge and how it seems to take on a Eurocentric standpoint. The knowledge she discusses is the traditional literature that is unshaped by the four-hundred-year-old presence of the first Africans and then African-Americans in the United States (Morrison 310). Morrison also addresses the treatment of African Americans in current society dealing with racial discourse (311), in additionRead MoreRace, Religion, and the Significance of Stereotypes in Othello1688 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to author Chinua Achebe, â€Å"The whole idea of a stereotype is to simplify. Instead of going through the problem of all this great diversity†¦you just have one large statement; it is this.† These broad simplifications have been found throughout history and often reflect the attitudes of an entire society at a specific time period. In particular, one can discover much about the prevailing attitudes of a society through its literature. Shakesp eare, specifically, has written multiple works thatRead MoreConflicting Paradigms On Gender And Sexuality1453 Words   |  6 Pagesof health issues. They have researched the actual content in lyrics in relation to gender and sex. This paper compares literature in relation to gender and sexuality involved with rap music from many different perspectives, a huge base is the feminism theory, along with culture studies and relations. This review shows that conflicting paradigms, come together in this literature and that very few studies are both strong and rich, these paradigms including misogyny or sexual agency . Research in theRead MoreThe Development of the Science of ‘Race’ Essay1072 Words   |  5 Pagesconnects the themes of the interviews with the literature on racial stereotypes and it’s impact on individuals and the sport they participate in. The development of the science of ‘race’ is regarded within the main literatures to have emerged during the late eighteenth and nineteenth century (Gouldburg, 1990). People where trying to explain human differences and development, which gave way for a verity of racial classifications and racial stereotypes (Gouldburg, 1990), Gouldburg (1990: 266) statesRead MoreBlack Males Performance in Higher Education1423 Words   |  6 Pages Black males performance in education is a serious problem in the black community. Many black males find themselves performing poorly in educational institutions because they do not have father figures or leaders in their life. In this literature review, I will use literature researched by others as well as their thoughts to discuss the performance of black males in higher education and the problems they face during their process. Black males transition from high school unprepared for collegeRead MoreOne Unaccounted For Factor That Is Impacting The Level1445 Words   |  6 Pagessupport for redistribution in the United States is the inseparable intersection of race and gender, or rather the dominance that patriarchal and racialized norms have on influencing American’s perceptions of poverty. The majority of the current literature on the subject of American’s support/opposition to economic redistribution tends to focus on identities such as race, class, and gender as separate entities. Applying the theories of hostile/benevolent sexism and racism, I argue that analyzing intersections

Experimental And Control Group Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

In the treatment subdivision, the research worker draws decisions about the significance and deductions of the determination. This subdivision tries to unknot what the consequences mean, why things turned out the manner they did and how the consequences can be used in pattern. Personal features of the experimental and control group Table I- Explains the personal features of the health professionals in experimental and control group. We will write a custom essay sample on Experimental And Control Group Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The information says most of the health professionals are aged between 31-40yrs, females, educated and un employed. The present survey findings are supported by a survey done earlier by Mohammed Shinde ( 2009 ) , to measure the effectivity of presentation sing eating of hemiplegia patient among health professionals. Major happening in the survey include bulk of the health professionals are in the age group of 28-37yrs.53-63 % were females.40-60 % were unemployed.70-80 % were married. Data ‘s sing health professionals experience in eating and beginning of direction Table II-Explains the information ‘s sing health professionals experience in eating and beginning of direction. The findings revealed most of the health professionals were 2-3 yearss of experience in feeding the patient through nasogastric tubing. All health professionals received some kind of instructions sing tubing eating, but bulk of them did n’t have any instructions from professional medical forces alternatively they got the instructions from their ain relations. The present survey findings are supported by a survey done earlier by Jeanie kayser ( 1990 ) who investigated attitudes of patients, household members, nurses, and doctors towards the usage of nasogastric tubing eating in three nursing places. His findings disclosed unequal communicating among wellness attention suppliers, patients, and households, and that some households did non cognize the demand of the tubing and they perceived the tubings were being inserted for the convenience of the nursing place staff. The present survey findings besides supported by a survey done earlier by. Elaine Wittenberg ( 2001 ) on cognition and accomplishment of health professionals sing the attention of the patient. The consequence showed many household health professionals did non hold the necessary accomplishments and cognition to supply sustained attention for a individual with chronic unwellness, so they lacked assurance and felt un-prepared. Health professionals reported that they received small counsel from wellness suppliers, that they did non cognize how to presume health professionals function, that they were non familiar with the type and sum of attention needed, and that they did non cognize how to entree and utilize resources. Degree of cognition of experimental and control group Tables III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX A ; X explain the degree of cognition sing nasogastric tubing eating before and after the intercession. Table III explains the overall cognition degree of experimental and control group before and after intercession. In both experimental and command group all samples ( 100 % ) showed hapless cognitions degree before intercession. After intercession the experimental group showed important betterment in the degree of cognition whereas the control group remained in the same pre-intervention cognition position. The present survey revealed that, the degree of cognition was increased in experimental group who received the information, whereas in the control group there was no betterment in the degree of cognition. Table IV shows all the samples from both experimental and control group had hapless cognition in different facets of tubing feeding like consciousness of the tubing, technique of eating and complications before intercession. Whereas 95 % of samples showed good cognition sing provender and nutrition. Table V demonstrates the cognition degree of experimental and control group in different facets of tubing eating after intercession. The survey reveals that the experimental group had a important addition in the degree of cognition in different facet of tubing eating after the intercession but the control group showed the same pre-intervention cognition position. Table VI shows the comparing of overall mean cognition mark of experimental and control group before and after intercession and its degree of significance. Here the information suggest that the mean cognition mark of experimental and control group are the same before intercession ( average score 20 ) and after intercession mean mark of control group is higher than the average mark of experimental group. So, harmonizing to hypothesis ( H1 ) , there is important difference in the cognition mark on tubing eating among health professionals between the experimental and the control group after intercession and no significance difference before intercession. Present survey findings are supported by the survey done by Janie Kayser ( 1998 ) to measure the effectivity of a preparation programme on the cognition and caring ability of the household health professionals of AIDS patients. The consequence revealed that the experimental group had a significantly higher degree of cognition and caring ability after undergoing preparation programme. Table VII nowadayss mean cognition mark of experimental and control group before intercession and degree of significance. Both group demonstrated a low mean cognition mark of 0.90 % to 12.85 % in the facets of consciousness of the tubing, technique and complications before intercession. Both group showed a high cognition mark of 57 % -63 % with respect to feed and nutrition. The tabular array concluded that no important difference was found in cognition about tubing, technique and complication in control and experimental group, but a important difference was seen in the mean cognition sing provender and nutrition in control group compared to experimental group. Table VIII nowadayss mean cognition mark of experimental and control group after intercession and degree of significance. The experimental group showed a high mean cognition score ranged from 72 % to 91 % in different facets of tubing eating after intercession. But the control group showed a similar low mean mark form. Study consequence showed that a important difference in the mean cognition mark of the all countries in cognition among experimental group compared to command group after intercession. Table IX nowadayss mean cognition mark of experimental group before and after intercession and degree of significance. Experimental group showed a low mean cognition score ranged from 4.09 % to 12.85 % in the facets of consciousness of the tubing, technique and complications before intercession. The highest mark of cognition was seen in with respect to feed and nutrition ( 57.6 % ) .Whereas after intercession experimental group demonstrated a high mean mark ranged from 72.7 % to 91.22 % ..Statistically a important difference was seen in all the facets of cognition like consciousness of the tubing, provender and nutrition, technique and complications in the experimental group after intercession compared to pre-intervention position. Table Ten shows mean cognition mark of control group on baseline and subsequent observation and degree of significance. The control group showed a low cognition mean mark ranged from 0.90 % to 10 % in the facets of consciousness of the tubing, technique and complication before intercession. The highest mark of cognition was seen with respect to feed and nutrition ( 63.07 % ) .In subsequent observation besides control group showed a similar form of cognition mean mark like that of baseline observation. Degree of technique of experimental and control group Tables XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII A ; XVIII explain the degree of technique sing nasogastric tubing eating before and after the intervention.- Table Eleven nowadayss frequence and per centum of experimental and control group on overall technique before and after intervention.70 % of the samples had good or mean degree of technique before intercession and 6 samples showed hapless technique whereas after intercession all the samples in the group were demonstrated first-class feeding techniques. The samples from the control group retained in the same technique degree of norm and hapless, before and after intercession The present survey revealed that, the degree of technique was increased in experimental group who received the presentation, whereas in the control group there was no betterment in the degree of technique. Table Twelve nowadayss frequence and per centum of experimental and control group harmonizing to degree of assorted facets of tubing eating technique before intercession. In both experimental and control group bulk of the samples had norm or hapless readying and technique whereas in aftercare both group exhibited good patterns. Table Thirteen nowadayss frequence and per centum of experimental and control group harmonizing to degree of assorted facets of tubing eating technique after intercession. In the experimental group, after intercession all the 20 samples ( 100 % ) had first-class degree of technique in assorted facets of tubing feeding like readying for eating, technique of eating and aftercare. The control group showed a similar form of hapless technique mean mark as in baseline observation. The tabular array concluded that there was an addition in the degree of technique sing nasogastric tubing eating in experimental group after intercession. Table Fourteen nowadayss comparing of overall mean technique mark of experimental and control group before and after intercession and degree of significance. Study revealed that both group had an about similar low technique mean mark before intercession. But after intercession the experimental group showed a high mean technique mark whereas the control group retained in their baseline technique degree. So, harmonizing to hypothesis ( H2 ) , there is a important difference in the technique mark on tubing eating among health professionals between the experimental and the control group after intercession and no significance difference was observed before intercession. Present survey findings was supported by the survey done by Mohammed Shinde ( 2009 ) , quasi-experimental survey to measure the effectivity of presentation sing eating of hemiplegia patient among health professionals. The consequence showed, in both unwritten and nasogastric eating, the experimental group had important betterment in accomplishment mark of health professionals about eating of hemiplegic patients after presentation. Table Fifteen nowadayss mean technique mark of experimental and control group in different facets tube feeding before intercession and degree of significance. The information ‘s suggests no important difference was seen in the countries of technique, aftercare in experimental and control group before intercession, but important difference was seen in readying in experimental group compared to command group before intercession. Table Sixteen nowadayss mean technique mark of experimental and control group in different facets of tubing eating after intercession and degree of significance. The information ‘s suggest important difference in the countries of readying, technique and aftercare in experimental group compared to command group after intercession. Table Seventeen nowadayss mean technique mark of experimental group before and after intercession and degree of significance. The present survey showed important betterment in all the countries of technique sing tube eating like readying, technique and aftercare in the experimental group after intercession compared to pre-intervention position. Table Eighteen nowadayss mean technique mark of control group on baseline and subsequent observation and degree of significance. The present survey showed no important difference in all the countries of techniques of tubing feeding like readying, techniques and aftercare in control group on baseline and subsequent observation. Association of survey variables with selected demographic variables Table XIX presents association between demographic variables and techniques of feeding before intercession. The present survey shows a important association between the beginning of direction and technique of feeding before intercession whereas no association elicited between age, sex, business with technique of feeding before intervention.. Present survey findings are supported by the survey done by Mohammed Shinde ( 2009 ) , quasi-experimental survey to measure the effectivity of presentation sing eating of hemiplegia patient among health professionals. The consequence showed no important relationship of feeding pattern with respect to age, sex, instruction, business and matrimonial position. How to cite Experimental And Control Group Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Benito mussolini 2 Essay Example For Students

Benito mussolini 2 Essay Benito Musolini was born on July 29, 1883, in Predappio, Italy . He was the first child of the local blacksmith. While he was young, Musolini was said to be a poor, unruly, agressive, disobedient(at school he was said to be a bully), but while being all of that he was also smart. Then he went and became a schoolmaster. In 1909, Musolini fell in love with a 16 year old Rachele Guidi. A month later, she went to live with him in a damp, cramped apartment in Forli, soon after they were married.Soon after the marrige, Musolini was imprisioned for the fifth time. After getting out of prision, Mussolini was appointed editor of the Socialist paper Avanti!. Mussolini was best known for his involvement in World War 2. Before the war even started Mussolini knew that peace was essential to Italys well-being. To him there was no way to win because if he went along with the Germans they might pull a stunt and if he didnt intervene he figured that the Americans would get perturbed. And while standing on the side lines watching Hitlers war, and that made him want a piece of the action. So on June 10, 1940 Italy declared war on France. As the war was progressing it has been shown how Mussolini was trying more and more to reform Italy as a Fascist government. But as we all know as German defenses in Italy collapsed, Mussolinis army crumbled to little Italian pieces. He tried to avoid death by crossing the frontier as a German soldier, but they recognized him, he was shot and killed. His body was hung with his mistresses, head downward, in the Piazza Loreto in Mila